Which Contraceptive Method Is Right for Me?

Choosing the right contraceptive is an important decision that can have a significant impact on your reproductive health and family planning goals. Yet, with so many options available, it’s easy to get overwhelmed about what option to choose and which ones will work best. Additionally, factors such as your health needs, lifestyle, and personal preferences should also be taken into account. So here is an in-depth look at various contraceptive methods available alongside their pros and cons.

Birth Control Pills

One of the most common forms of birth control used by women is the birth control pill. Pills are oral contraceptives that contain hormones (estrogen and progestin) that prevent unwanted pregnancy. Birth control pills are taken on a daily basis. However, for maximum effectiveness, they need to be taken at the same time every day.

Pros – When taken correctly, pills are 99% effective at preventing unwanted pregnancy. Additionally, some women find that the pill improves period pain and other symptoms linked to periods, such as headaches.
Cons – Pills must be taken daily. They are not an ideal option for those who will have difficulty remembering to take pills.

Contraceptive Patch

The contraceptive patch is a small square patch (~5cm by 5cm) that is worn on the skin in a discrete area such as the upper arm or back. It prevents pregnancy by releasing the hormones estrogen and progestogen into the blood. The patch is worn for seven days and then replaced with a new one.

Pros – No requirement to take medication on a daily basis. A good option for those who want a simple method of contraception but do not want the injection or implant. The patch is 99% effective with correct usage.
Cons – The patch must be replaced every seven days. Additionally, the patch may cause skin irritation or other side effects similar to birth control pills.

Implant

The implant is a small, flexible rod inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It is about the size of a matchstick and releases hormones to prevent ovulation.

Pros – Highly effective and can last up to three years before it needs to be removed.
Cons – Needs to be inserted by a healthcare professional. May cause side effects, including irregular bleeding

Injection (also known as the ‘birth control shot’)

With this method of birth control, an injection of progestin is given every three months to prevent unwanted pregnancy. It works by suppressing ovulation and thickening cervical mucus.

Pros – The injection is only needed four times per year and is highly effective.
Cons – May cause spotting and other side effects.

Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

IUDs are small, T-shaped devices inserted into the uterus by your healthcare provider. They work by preventing sperm from reaching the egg and altering the uterine lining to prevent implantation. There are two types of IUDs available: Hormonal and Copper.

Hormonal IUD

The hormonal IUD releases progestin hormones to prevent pregnancy and can provide effective contraception for up to five years.

Copper IUD

The copper IUD, also known as the non-hormonal IUD, contains copper and works by creating an inflammatory response that is toxic to sperm. It can provide contraception for up to ten years.

Pros – IUDs are a long-lasting, low-maintenance contraceptive and can be used for five to ten years.
Cons – IUDs may cause irregular or heavier periods. Furthermore, IUDs are a more expensive option for birth control, and the placement of an IUD can be very painful.

Diaphragm

A diaphragm is a silicone cup inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix. It works by blocking sperm from entering the uterus and must be used with spermicide.

Pros – A less expensive option, the diaphragm will last for one to two years.
Cons – The diaphragm must be fitted by a healthcare provider first. This method also has a slightly lower rate of success in preventing unwanted pregnancy when compared to other birth control options.

Vaginal ring

A vaginal ring is placed in the vagina near the cervix and slow-releases contraceptive hormones for three weeks at a time. It is then removed for one week to allow menstruation to begin. Vaginal rings need to be replaced monthly and can be 91% effective.

Pros – Lighter, more regular periods.
Cons – May cause vaginal irritation or other side effects similar to pills and the patch.

Choosing the Right Contraceptive Method

When choosing a contraceptive method, it’s essential to consider factors such as:

Your lifestyle: Choose a method that fits your lifestyle and preferences, whether it’s daily pills, long-acting methods such as implants, or non-hormonal options.
Health needs: Consider any underlying medical conditions or concerns such as hormonal imbalances (i.e., Polycystic ovarian syndrome), allergies, or risk of STIs.
Family planning goals: Determine whether you are looking for temporary contraception or long-term pregnancy prevention and whether you desire hormonal or non-hormonal methods.

When to Speak to Your Doctor

It’s essential to speak to your doctor prior to starting any contraceptive method. They can discuss your options in detail, address any concerns that you may have, and ensure that you choose a method that is safe and suitable for you. Your doctor can also provide personalized advice, discuss the benefits and risks of each method, and help you make an informed decision based on your individual needs and circumstances.

If you have any questions about birth control and the best option for yourself, be sure to make an appointment to see your doctor.